New energy vehicles subsidize new government policies

A few days ago, relevant experts stated at the China Automotive Industry Development (Telda) International Forum held in Tianjin that the State Council has formally approved a new round of demonstration and promotion programs for new energy vehicles, and the four ministries and commissions including the Ministry of Science and Technology and the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology are formulating implementing regulations. Recently officially started.

According to Zhang Jie, the president of the China Investment Association’s Energy Development Research Center, Zhang Jie disclosed that the new government subsidies for new energy vehicles will no longer require local governments to subsidize them. Instead, the central government will uniformly distribute subsidy funds; the original subsidy will only be targeted at pilot cities. It will be extended to the whole country and the standards will be unified.

What are the highlights of the new energy auto subsidy New Deal? Can China's energy-saving and new energy automotive industry develop into the fast lane? How will the new energy automobile policy point to in the future?

--- Introduction of the background ---

Subsidy policy vacancies need not be developed for several days.

As early as in 2001, China has included the development of electric vehicles in the National High-Tech Research and Development Plan (863 Program) of the “10th Five-Year Plan” for large-scale research and demonstration of electric vehicles.

In 2009, the demonstration project of “10 cities and 1,000 vehicles” for new energy vehicles was formally launched. By the end of 2010, the project was expanded to provide demonstration and promotion in 25 pilot cities. At the same time, subsidies for the private purchase of new energy vehicles were piloted in six of these cities.

In 2012, the State Council identified seven major industries such as new energy vehicles as a strategic emerging industry for the country to speed up cultivation and development, and further upgraded the support for the new energy automotive industry. In accordance with the goal of the “Energy Conservation and New Energy Vehicle Industry Development Plan (2012-2020)” issued by China in 2012, by 2015, the cumulative production and sales volume of pure electric vehicles and plug-in hybrid vehicles will strive to reach 500,000; by 2020 The production capacity of pure electric vehicles and plug-in hybrid vehicles reached 2 million, and the cumulative production and sales volume exceeded 5 million.

It is understood that in 2009 the cost of lithium batteries is 5 yuan / gas, the current cost of lithium batteries has dropped by nearly 50%, energy density has more than doubled, the cycle life of single batteries is also significantly improved. The annual output of the nation's power battery can reach 20 billion kilowatts, which can meet the needs of 200,000 cars.

As of March 2013, the number of new energy vehicles in the 25 model cities nationwide has increased from 27,432 units at the end of 2012 to 39,800 units, and more than 8,000 stations have been charged and replaced, ranking the top in the world in the scale of new energy vehicles. By the end of July this year, the number of new energy vehicles in model cities has reached 47,800, and the number of new energy vehicles nationwide has exceeded 60,000. The growth rate has accelerated significantly.

Professor Fu Gangzhan, director of the New Energy Automobile Industrialization Research Center of Tongji University, said in an interview with the Science and Technology Daily: “The new energy-vehicle policy is about to be introduced in the midst of great expectations and is good for the entire industry. I also noticed that some new The rising momentum of energy automotive stocks shows that the New Deal has boosted the confidence of the market.The New Deal should be said to have been issued in a timely manner. Through the review conducted by the Ministry of Science and Technology at the end of last year to organize expert inspections in model cities, it should not be for the future. In the three-year direction of the new energy automotive industry, the “Energy-saving and New Energy Vehicle Industry Planning 2012-2020” announced last year has already set vehicle targets for 2015 and 2020, and the number of vehicles is still relatively small. Want to know how to achieve the goals of the future, and the subsidy measures that will be introduced this time will be an important driving force, because after all, technology and industry have not been developed for a long time, and the country needs to support this important stage.”

At the end of last year, after the 2009 version of the “Energy Conservation and New Energy Vehicle Subsidy Policy” had expired, despite subsidies for innovative engineering projects and other technical subsidies for corporate R&D, it was in the end market that was closely related to the consumer groups of new energy vehicles. The absence of a subsidy policy directly affects the marketing of new energy vehicles.

———policy highlights———

Increased number of subsidy models in pilot areas

The Chinese government implemented the major science and technology projects for electric vehicles in 2001, and by 2012 the State Council released plans for the development of energy-saving and new-energy automotive industries. It has initially established an innovation system for complete vehicles, parts and key technologies of new energy vehicles. The main contents of the new round of demonstration and promotion programs for new energy vehicles include demonstration with new energy vehicles as the mainstay, pilot regions with pilot cities as the core, expansion of radiation scope, acceleration of the promotion of pure electric vehicles, and acceleration of the implementation of subsidies. Hybrid vehicles are being promoted throughout the country, with financial support for charging station facilities.

Professor Wang Ning of Tongji University Automotive College said in an interview with Science and Technology Daily that the introduction of this new policy will play a more active role in the R&D, market, and industry promotion of new energy vehicles. In contrast, it can be seen that the new policy not only has a larger subsidy range in the past, but also has more subsidized vehicles and more perfect designs.

In accordance with the previous round of policies, China’s subsidies for new energy vehicles are based on 3,000 yuan/kWh; the maximum subsidy for plug-in hybrid passenger vehicles is 50,000 yuan/vehicle, and the maximum subsidy for pure electric passenger cars is 60,000 yuan. Vehicle. According to Zhang Jie, the subsidy will be based on the power of the car as a standard, and it will no longer be divided into cars according to the model.

Fu Gang argued that due to the controversy over the previous stage of the subsidy standard, some adjustments should be made this time. “Subsidies in the future may be tilted toward electric vehicles, and hybrid buses may gradually enter the stage of marketization from the demonstration subsidy stage due to better demonstrations in previous years; subsidies for electric vehicles are likely to continue to be used according to battery capacity. The standard is given as a subsidy, and the subsidy standard per kilowatt-hour will be adjusted according to the previous demonstration effect."

It is understood that in the new round of subsidy policies, the subsidy will not only be concentrated in the consumer sector, but also be subsidized in terms of R&D and infrastructure. In addition to the direct funding subsidy policy, the government will also introduce a series of taxation and exemption policies for new energy vehicles. In addition, the subsidy method in the new policy has changed from subsidizing local government in the past to being directly subsidized by the central government, which will help eliminate local protectionism problems in the promotion of new energy vehicles.

According to sources, the New Deal will add some pilot cities on the basis of the 25 cities that had previously implemented the "Ten Thousand Cities" project. At the same time, pilot cities will be set as the core, pilot areas will be set up, and surrounding cities will be covered to form an entire area of ​​demonstration and promotion of energy-saving and new energy vehicles, and to expand the scope of radiation. In the pilot cities and regions, new energy vehicles will receive dual subsidies from the central government and local finances. In addition, a new round of subsidy policies may include such models as sanitation vehicles, logistics vehicles, and minibuses, expanding the range of models covered by the subsidy policy.

“In past policies, the state did not impose subsidies at the provincial level. However, some active provinces such as Anhui Province, where Hefei is located, have introduced some financial policies to promote the province’s industrial development in line with the state’s subsidies, which has further reduced the cost of buying cars. In the future, I think each province will still choose whether or not to grant subsidy preferential policies at the provincial level according to their respective conditions.” Fu said, “There are 25 model cities in the past three years. In some of the non-model cities that I’ve walked through, the same is true. We are doing the new energy automotive industry and hope to join the ranks of model cities and get equal attention from the country, so I agree that the number of demonstration cities will increase in this policy, but the specific increase will only be made clear after introduction. ."

———Industry Impact ———

Promote technology research and development to encourage private car purchase
In Wang Ning's view, the current development of new energy vehicles faces two key issues: cost and application environment.

The inconvenience caused by factors such as short trip mileage, high purchase cost and long charging time is a huge problem faced by new energy vehicles. How to solve? This may take a long process.

“Foreign new energy vehicles are many, and the technology is also very mature. In contrast, at present, most of the companies that manufacture new energy vehicles in China are underpowered. With the introduction of this new policy, new energy companies may need to consider whether they should increase research and development efforts. In addition, the New Deal The launch of the infrastructure will also have a certain role in promoting the operation." Wang Ning said that in terms of research and development, if there is no one high point of technology, it is difficult to establish a foothold in today's highly competitive environment. In the application link, infrastructure construction and service construction should be strengthened. The pilot of some policies can consider the construction of infrastructure and the problems of operators. From the government level, it should encourage and promote specific subsidy policies and standards in infrastructure construction.

Experts stated that with the development of new energy markets, the construction of infrastructure and business operation models will become an important constraint factor in addition to the technical limitations of electric vehicles themselves. In the new round of promotion, more attention must be paid to the construction of charging facilities. Layout and network construction, clear infrastructure and operational business model. The issue of the price formation of electricity for electric vehicles and the model innovation of market-oriented operations require in-depth studies on the business model of charging facilities, actively mobilize the enthusiasm of multiple parties to participate in the construction and operation of infrastructure, and form a reasonable interest distribution mechanism and opening up as soon as possible. Sustainable infrastructure operation mechanism.

The new policy is expected to establish a pilot area with the pilot city as the core. There is no doubt that people have expectations for the electric car to enter the private family. However, as the procedures for obtaining subsidies are too tedious and do not know when subsidies will be received, consumers are still waiting to see new energy vehicles.

In this regard, Wang Ning thinks: “The purchase subsidies can be directly subsidized to users, and can provide corresponding subsidies in terms of kWh and carbon emission reductions. However, from the current point of view, it is not realistic to rely on government subsidies to solve this problem. From the perspective of new energy vehicles, its lower cost of use has certain advantages. Giving full play to this advantage to make up for the lack of car purchase may be considered by some of our new policies, such as priority access, free parking, and some public parking. For example, the free charging and the like can even impose certain carbon taxes. In short, the subsidy policies and forms of subsidies should be more conducive to promoting the marketization and commercialization of new energy vehicles.”

Fugang said that the next three years will be an important three years for China's new energy automotive industry, as the focus of slow work will shift from demonstration operations to marketization, while shifting from the public transportation sector to the development of private car sectors, and for 2015 The future work sets the tone. This policy will have the confidence to establish a firm industry and indicate the direction of development in the next three years, which is of great significance. Specifically, to evaluate which direction the industry will develop in the future, what specific impact it will have depends on the specific policy content.