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Tian Hengshui made a report on "Strategic Research on Clean Energy Development" at the meeting. He proposed that bio-ethanol fuel is in fact not clean. Because according to the reaction mechanism of fermentation and ethanol production, in the production of ethanol from corn starch, cassava and other starchy raw materials, a molecule of carbon dioxide is produced at the same time for each molecule of ethanol, and the mass ratio is 23:22. 1:0.9565. The actual investigation result is that the actual production of one ton of ethanol produces 0.995 to 1.046 tons of carbon dioxide.
Tian Hengshui believes that the cleanliness of ethanol as fuel is much lower than that of methanol. One ton of ethanol produces 1.913 tons of carbon dioxide, plus the amount of carbon dioxide produced in the production process. The total amount of carbon dioxide produced and produced using one ton of ethanol is 2.908 tons, while the same value of methanol produces 1.834 tons of carbon dioxide (one ton of methanol is produced by combustion. The carbon dioxide is 1.375 tons. That is, ethanol combustion produces 58.56% more carbon dioxide than methanol combustion.
In response to the widely publicized claim that ethanol biofuels can reduce carbon dioxide emissions by more than 30% compared with gasoline, Tian Hengshui believes that this view is not correct because it misses the carbon dioxide produced during ethanol production. In fact, from the entire cycle of production to use, fuel ethanol emits nearly 70% more carbon dioxide than gasoline. For those who believe that plants can absorb carbon dioxide when they grow, Tian Hengshui believes that if the same plants do not produce ethanol, they can produce polylactic acid, 1,3-propanediol, and biological drugs that are 5 to 20 times more valuable.
Tian Hengshui said that the results of a professorship conducted by Cornell University and the University of California, Berkeley, show that the fossil energy required to produce ethanol from corn is 29% more than the energy produced by corn to produce ethanol fuel. Biomass is 57% more. At the same time, ethanol gasoline is not economically reasonable. In order to promote ethanol gasoline, the US government subsidizes 3 billion U.S. dollars each year, and there are also social security subsidies for farmers. The Chinese government has also promoted ethanol gasoline, with a subsidy of 500 to 1,000 yuan per ton. The maximum subsidy has reached 1,670 yuan. In terms of both energy efficiency and economic efficiency, the development of bio-ethanol fuels is unsustainable.
The previously advertised use of ethanol fuel can reduce carbon dioxide emissions and miss the carbon dioxide produced in ethanol production. Bioethanol fuels are not clean if the carbon dioxide emissions of the entire process of production and use are comprehensively calculated. This is a new viewpoint put forward by the 17th National Chemical Fertilizer Methanol Technology Conference held last week, said Tian Hengshui, deputy director of the Fine Chemicals Committee of the Chinese Chemical Society and professor at the East China University of Science and Technology.