Example of Vertical Slitting Filling Mining Method in Warnos Copper Mine, Finland

The deposit is a tilt elongated, plate-like, multi-metal symbiotic copper ore. The ore body is 3.5km long, 50~200m wide, with an average thickness of 5~6m and a buried depth of 50~150m. The ore body contains an average of 2 to 2.5% copper, 1 to 1.5% zinc , 22% iron and a trace amount of cobalt and nickel . The stability of ore and surrounding rock is general. Due to the high value of the ore and the loss rate and depletion rate of the ore are required to be as low as possible, continuous vertical slitting is used to fill the mining method (see Figure 1).

The ore blocks are divided along the length of the ore body, and the width is 80-160 m, and the length is equal to the width of the ore body. It is divided into strips along the width of the ore block, with a width of 6m and a length of the same ore body.

The transportation lanes are excavated in the ore body along the veins at both ends of the ore block, and the roadway is connected to each other. The specification of the roadway is 4.5×3.7m to suit the passage of the scraper. There are ore slips leading to the level of the crushing station at a certain distance along the transportation lane.

The strips are closely attached to the side wall of the filling body, and the section of the first opening of the ore block needs to be opened into a trapezoidal shape (see Figure 1). The angle between the oblique side and the horizontal angle is about 60°, so as to ensure that the sides of the mining side are adjacent to the stope. The stability of the sidewall of the filling body. The section of the strip that is successively mined is a parallelogram.

Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the continuous vertical slit mining method of the Vonos mine

1-Transportation laneway; 2-contact laneway; 3-first opening strip; 4-back striping

Strip the strips by means of full-face tunneling. At the same time, the mining can be carried out from both ends of the nugget so that the falling and discharging can be carried out in different strips at the same time. Drilling rigs manufactured by Tamrock, Finland, have a blast hole depth of 2.8 to 3.6 m and use ammonium explosives. Charge with a compressed gas charger. The ore is shipped with a scraper with a bucket capacity of 3.8 to 6 m ³ .

The roof of the stope is reinforced with reinforced concrete mortar anchors and shotcrete. The anchor is generally 2.4m long and the anchor cable is 6m long. Due to the need to build a closed wall and maintain the transportation lanes, small pillars are left at the junction of the stope and the transport lane.

After the mining site is finished, set the closed wall at both ends and install the water filter pipe (Figure 2). The water filter pipe is a frame type tube wrapped with a sack piece. The concentration of pipe tailing mortar is about 60%. The structural parameters and technical and economic indicators of the method are shown in Table 1 and Table 2.

Fig. 2 Arrangement of dewatering structure of the stope in the full vertical slitting filling mining method of the Fennos mine in Finland

1-Contained wall I: two-layer metal mesh, concrete spray thickness 20cm;

2-Contained wall II: a layer of metal mesh, concrete spray thickness 10cm;

3-frame type water filter system; 4-tail sand filling tube

Table 1 Structural parameters of vertical slit filling mining method

Table 2 Technical and economic indicators of vertical slit filling mining method

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