In friction stir welding, the rotating finger that is propelling generates heat and connects the parts together. The finger sticks the keyhole in the cylindrical part and, when it passes through the original starting point, is slowly retracted and retracted into the shoulder of the finger to form a complete 360b annular weld. Re-welding at a smaller and deeper depth, which acts as a keyhole closure. Friction stir welding is an important technique for manufacturing the outer tank of the space shuttle. Retractable finger bars will be used to weld variable thickness aluminum-lithium alloy transition joints.

A chrome-aluminum oxide coating protects gas turbines and has developed a protective coating for gas turbines for industrial and marine applications. The coating is coated with an aluminum oxide layer on the chromium oxide layer called Smartcoat. It contains more aluminum and the inner layer is rich in chromium. At very high temperatures (about 900e), aluminum forms a protective alumina. At lower temperatures, alumina is not very protective. Therefore, a layer rich in chromium is placed under the aluminum.

For example, at lower temperatures, in the presence of salt and sulfur, dents may form, stopping as the dent continues to reach the chromium layer, forming chromium oxide. Laboratory tests have shown that the use of Smartcoat alone allows the turbine to operate over a wider temperature range than is currently the case.

This method can solve the problem of inconsistency caused by the loading and unloading of the workpiece. The reference positioning of the workpiece is only determined once at the center line of the chuck. After saving the data in the machine's CNC program, the workpiece can be moved from one machine to another without repositioning the reference point. The workpiece is pneumatically clamped and can be clamped in a vise, four-jaw chuck, magnetic chuck or standard clamp. The modules of the system are suitable for workpieces of almost all sizes and shapes. The chucks can be used in combination for indexing, positioning, various state clamping and loading onto the workbench.

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