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In 2006, the State Council promulgated the Outline of the National Medium- and Long-Term Scientific and Technological Development Plan, emphasizing that during the “Eleventh Five-Year Plan†period, it must place more emphasis on enhancing its independent innovation capabilities. As one of the fastest growing industries in China, the automotive industry has made remarkable progress. In order to further enhance China's auto industry's ability to independently innovate, the National Science and Technology Ministry and the China Association of Automotive Engineers are scheduled to hold the "2006 Auto China Independent Innovation and Development Forum" in Beijing on April 26, 2006. The following is a forum record:
Moderator: Thank you very much to Mr. May for his enthusiastic speeches. Regarding self-owned brands, the connotation of independent innovation, and the three viewpoints of independent responsibility, I am very grateful for his brilliant speech. Mr. Shang just talked about the development approach. The next guest speaker was Mr. Wan Gang, the head of the 863 electric vehicle group of the Ministry of Science and Technology. His speech today is a discussion and reflection on the development model of electric vehicles. Please.
Wan Gang: I would like to thank everyone for giving me an opportunity to report on a model summary of our development of electric depart. At the same time, I think that the discussion on energy-saving and new-type vehicles in the next “Eleventh Five-Year Planâ€, I think, The electric cars have gone through a relatively difficult five-year period and are also a very happy five-year. Together, they have done some work for the advancement of the automotive industry in our country. Today we come back and think about what we did at the time. The work can identify some successful experiences, make some reflections on some deficiencies, and have an in-depth consideration of the next 11th five-year plan. My topic today is the exploration and thinking of the electric vehicle development model in China. Many leaders and colleagues present here know the development of electric vehicles. I think, to review a little bit what we achieved, in 2001, When the electric car started, at that time we had an estimate and judgment on the development of our national electric car, from hybrid cars to battery fuel cars, to determine our goal, that is, to build a car for pure electric cars to build electric The automobile commercial operation mode, the second one is the hybrid vehicle model, which forms China’s independent intellectual property rights certification, and the third is the leap of a fuel cell vehicle technology. At the end of the end of 2005, our four major companies, FAW, and Dongfeng Changan and Chery have already developed their hybrid cars and passenger cars, and several of our new ones, such as pure electric buses, have also been commissioned in Beijing. Twenty pure electric cars have also been commissioned and we have 116 Pure electric cars exported to the United States, this year is talking about the development of 500 vehicles, we are in fuel electricity Both pool coaches and sedans have started to develop our prototype and enter the market. When developing the entire car, we must pay attention to the output value of key components
What is valuable is that many of our manufacturers, although they did not directly participate in the 863 R&D, have developed pure electric vehicles with their own technology and have also begun demonstration operations. At that time, our goal was that we must pay attention to our development of the entire automobile. With the production value of key components, these companies are now reorganizing and expanding. I estimate that under the next stage of development, we may be constrained by the bottleneck in the formation of key components. Since the electric vehicle itself is a systematic project, so we Eight demonstration areas and demonstration cities have also been established throughout the country. Tianjin, Wuhan, Zhangzhou, Beijing, Weihai, and some demonstration areas in Hangzhou have been used for demonstrations. I already have these in my articles and I’m going a little faster. a little. At the end of the special event, when our country's own automobile and hybrid vehicle come to market, we have completed the standard of pure electric vehicles, the standard of hybrid electric vehicles, and the industry normative standards of various parts and components at all levels, here I Thanks also to our China Automotive Technology Center, various ministries and commissions, and the NDRC for supporting us. We and our center have joined forces to make our cars and our products enter the market. At the same time, we have formed our standards. I have always acted. System engineering must be parallel.
Recall that in the development of this electric vehicle, there are some experiences worth considering and summing up. For example, electric cars, the possibility of special projects and their own, is a technological leap, and it is a key leap. We have been working on automobiles for years. The rapid growth of the industry felt sincerely pleased and strongly supported, but the negative formation caused. This is the day I was meeting in Beijing, I took pictures of myself, and some phenomena, especially our analysis of oil, transportation, and our import channels. I think that this picture can explain something, not only makes us think of if we The long-term demand for oil is getting heavier and heavier. Once something happens, when the oil is allocated, will we still return salt to it? This picture shows that our buses also carry gas packages. Our country’s future for oil Demand, for every person who engages in autos, the possibility of finding replacements and savings today is the need to maintain the sustainable development of the car. Therefore, today we say that in retrospect we had just started our car in 2001. When it took off, when the departure time just began to increase, the Ministry of Science and Technology insisted on starting special projects for electric vehicles. It was actually a strategic decision that focused on leapfrogging.
Traditional diesel locomotives will begin in 2000 and be replaced by hybrids
Any strategic decision needs a scientific layout. It requires us to establish a technical path for the development of the automobile. We have a basic judgment on the technical path for the development of the automobile. We believe that in fact, during the development of the automobile, the human The development of fuel-to-liquid fuel-to-gas-fuel-to-final-hydrogen technology is actually an advancement in energy technology, combined with technological advances in the environment. We know that at the time of each energy change, it is a At the opportunity of Tengyue, steam cars in the 19th century created the industrialization of the United Kingdom. The development of highways and transportation created the German automobile industry. The small internal combustion engines that are more fuel-efficient and energy-efficient have created the splendor of the Japanese auto industry. In the future, as our country, A key point spans, from where to start, I want to develop from the laws of nature, people are considering a hybrid car is just a transitional program. So no matter if it is an oil electric vehicle, and a mixture of gas-fired vehicles, including fuel cell hybrid vehicles, will permeate the future development. Under this circumstance, we consider energy technologies. Now everyone is relatively unanimous that traditional diesel locomotives will Since the beginning of 2000, it has been replaced by hybrid vehicles, through some pure electric vehicles, and fuel cell vehicles. Such development will form a trend of two points in the world in 2004, so at that time our judgment was that of energy. Diversification, electrification of power, and cleanliness of emissions will open up new energy technologies. After that, fuel cell vehicles will gradually move toward the stage.
It is based on such a judgment that we feel that under the premise of developing a fuel cell vehicle, it is also necessary to develop hybrid vehicles at the same time, which will inevitably promote the development of future battery vehicles. We are considering a problem in pure electric and fuel. In the other processes of the battery, we must consider that the development of these technologies constitutes the sharing of key parts of the future fuel cells. Therefore, we also entered key technologies for the future in the development of major special projects for electric vehicles and fuel cells. Development.
Looking back at the predilection of electric vehicles at that time, especially batteries and electric vehicles, the future development of the industrial system will also be the development of the automobile system. I often recalled that we made localization during the reform and opening up and the 1990s. In a big plan, our national car has achieved localization on the basis of imported technology and realized his significance. For our self-developed car, for our self-developed brand, I also talked with the comrades of Chery and Chang’an. It is the continuous development of localization that allows us to get a deeper foundation and have the conditions for independent development. Therefore, today's national special projects need to pay more attention to the construction of key technical systems and standards, because this is a systematic project in itself, the whole of electric vehicles. The management structure has been implemented by the leaders of the Ministry of Science and Technology, the Group of Experts, and the Supervision Group to supervise and form one species. We do not call it three-fold, or at least a stable structure, so that it can maintain the development of the three parties in all angles.
Market principles in development
The same is a strategic development, a strategic leap, can not replace the scale of vehicle development, a product development will inevitably have a functional prototype to performance prototype to production, if we look back, we are in the electric car, three During the phase of the mix, different detection methods were adopted, and the methods of supervision and management were given him a definite definition. Only in this way can a project be struck across a strategy, but in the tactical process, strictly during the implementation process. In accordance with the laws of the automobile, the development of product development law. From the automotive development, the products are always competitive. Among the organizational special projects, we also have appropriate competition mechanisms. In the first round of the special campaign, we require that each vehicle organizes three key components of different technology routes to cooperate with each other. For key components, we also recommend that they participate in the development of three different vehicles. This forms a two-way combination to form a competition. We implement market principles. After the implementation of the first year of the project, we form a strong combination of parts and components companies. , and the integration of vehicle resources between the vehicle, any one vehicle can enjoy the development resources of any one of the three components.
Throughout the implementation of the special project, we felt that our old car owners, our old experts, accompanied us throughout the implementation of the project, and offered us various opinions from time to time.
The development of electric vehicles adopts the lead of the whole vehicle and the model of simultaneous development of parts and components
Fourthly, I think that for our country's electric vehicle development is a country's three aspects, the use of vehicle-led, simultaneous development of parts and components model, when our fuel cell can reach 30 kilowatts, but faced the situation at the time, GM has There are 75 million, and the fuel cell has 850,000. If we simply simulate it, we may need five years or even longer on the fuel cell. In this case, we have the power according to our country's own characteristics. In the car, we formed a hybrid system. At the time, we had discussed this system with some experts during some international exchanges. We got more affirmation, but when we used our own form for development, we developed it. Instead, we feel that hybrid development can be optimized by the system.
In 2002, we had only 30 kilowatts of batteries at the time. At that time we had only 50 kilowatts of drive motors, but we achieved the first round, reached the top speed of 105 kilometers, and in the second phase, the output reached 35 million. We can With 150,000 drive motors, we reached the second index. The maximum speed reached 115. At the time of the third, the development of fuel cells did not take place. Our motors were also developed. In this combination, we got the final goal of the project. I want to develop with some foreign countries. We have coordinated development and complement each other, and the same vehicle traction has achieved overall development. This is a feature of ours. At the same time, this vehicle has been challenged at the Bibiden Challenge 2004 and Ford GM. Better results.
Throughout the development process, parts and components were developed synchronously. When we started the project, the process technology at that time was an important indicator. At that time, we set 600 kilowatts. At that time, we were able to reach 230 kilowatts. At that time, everyone felt that the task was particularly heavy. With the development of key technologies for complete vehicles and parts, everyone gained confidence that when it was achieved in 2006, including electric shocks, it was the world’s most advanced indicator at that time. I don’t want to tell you what I’m doing with you. It’s that during the process of discussing, through the zero firmware vehicle, the country has achieved a special model in the special process. He will have a special development for the overall development. Good trend.
Some of the power system brands we have formed, such as the Tsinghua University's fuel-electric power system, have formed their own unique fuel system. When we end up specializing in electric cars, passenger cars and cars, he realizes the possibility of spreading from the country’s technical special projects like the entire industry in our country. I think this is also a charm of independent innovation. You can quickly and independently promote our country’s The development of technology.
Currently we are conducting a 100,000-kilometer durability equivalent test. When you can make a car, you can advertise that you can go public, but when a car comes out, you have to have an estimate of his full power. Many of our companies are doing this work. I think that in the course of our development, his basic support and development will also be an important step at the same time. At the start, we started building the geodetic base. Our first step was very low. We wanted to compare the first generation of batteries. When we entered the second stage, we started our testing stage and went to the second stage. At the stage, these test stages became the standard. Under such circumstances, we formed. Naturally, with the development of the project, the testing capabilities and normative capabilities formed will be available when the product enters the market. Our own standards.
This is the case of the motor test base. The following is the situation of the base where fuel is adhered to. At the same time, we also carried out some hydrogen. The fuel car uses hydrogen. In Shanghai, we did a survey of the by-product economy. In the by-product economy, it was enough for 100,000. The amount of hydrogen used in the car.
In the demonstration operation, I also introduced it earlier. I would like to introduce the demonstration of electric vehicles. When our companies develop technology, they pay attention to developing products and pay attention to the market while developing products. In fact, they started the demonstration area while developing the first generation of products. They have already formed. The district’s two-lane and electric car test loop is interesting. We can see that with the development of the city, the community is getting bigger, the subway is getting more and more extended, and some schools are also large. Also came out, electric vehicles have become a very convenient means of transport. He completely finds his own operating mode in the business operation. Although he can't win a great deal of strength, he can reach the stage of meager profit to carry out market exchange through demonstration operations and cultivate the market.
I would like to review it and visit our vision of the future. In fact, the world's fuel companies are gradually developing hybrid vehicles. Both the European Union and the United States and Japan have established clear development plans. The technology including the fuel cell itself is also undergoing in-depth development. His changes in the structure caused some thinking about foreign development. In particular, safety research has also done a lot of work. In fact, when we are striding forward, other countries are actually also Make a big study. In fact, we can see that many commercial applications in the United States, at the same time they also have military roads. It will be even more profound to consider our future.
In the next time, we will carry out a complete system, enter in-depth basic research, and strengthen the development of the core system. I would like to continue to talk about our environment for the "10th Five-Year Plan" energy-saving and new energy automobile policy. His application environment and policy environment, including our own advantages in independent innovation, are also presented. In this case, if When we construct the next 11th Five-Year major project, we must pay more attention to it. We must be independent innovation, we must continue to develop, that is to say, we must promote the innovation of vehicle products with the power system technology as the core. In other words, his overall goal will be to achieve operations in fuel cell integration and market operations. In the scale of industry, we realize our breakthrough department. In the use of the market to achieve expansion, to achieve our industrialization and supplier role.
Due to the time, the technical problems in the middle, I discussed with everyone the direction of future development, I think today in the discussion of independent innovation, I would like to specialize in science and technology to clear the list of industrialization, to promote the entire automotive industry across The development of this type, especially the lack of industrial scale development, is indeed a model for the development of our country's electric vehicles. Under this model, we are supported by companies, industries, and key components. In the next launch, we hope to receive support from everyone. And care, thank you all.