Discover a small history

18th century BC have been found in Hungary small block of antimony. 1556 Agricola (G.Agricola) proposes a method of producing ores solvent out of antimony sulfide, antimony sulfide, but erroneously believed to be metallic antimony. In 1604, the German B.Valentine described the extraction method of strontium and barium sulfide. In the 18th century, the smelting reduction method was used to smelt and produce electrolytic ruthenium. Since 1930, blast furnace smelting methods have been widely used, as well as various volatile smelting and volatile roasting methods. In the Ming Dynasty, the antimony mine of the tin mine was discovered in China, but it was mistaken for the tin mine. It was only in the late Qing Dynasty that it was known to be a sputum. In 1908, the volatile roasting method was introduced from France and the refining was started. China's alfalfa production has a large proportion in the world. In 1942, Wang Pangyou and American Hodson jointly obtained the patent for floating smelting-hydrogen reduction smelting.

Awkward nature

It is a silvery white brittle metal and resistant to acid at room temperature. Ordinary metal bismuth is also ash, and below the 90 °C is the allotrope jaundice. The sudden cooling of the vapor of the metal crucible solidifies into an amorphous black crucible. Black cockroaches are chemically active, sometimes natural, and fade to ash at temperatures above 90 °C. In addition, electrolysis with antimony trichloride gives a black hydrazine containing a small amount of antimony trichloride. This type of cockroach will explode when it is rubbed or impacted, which is called blasting. Therefore, attention should be paid when electrolyzing. The crucible does not interact with air at normal temperature, and Sb2O3, Sb2O4 or Sb2O5 can be formed in the air at high temperature, and can also react with water to form Sb2O3 and hydrogen.

Awkward resources

There are more than 120 kinds of antimony minerals and antimony minerals, but only ten kinds of minerals with industrial value. The stibnite is the main antimony mineral. Of antimony ores often gold, tungsten, lead, zinc, mercury, and tin, copper, bismuth, arsenic, sulfur, iron, nickel, cobalt, manganese, cadmium, platinum, palladium, ruthenium, selenium, etc. accompanied by green. The world's reserves of 4.5 million tons, the annual output of about 150,000 tons, China's reserves of 2 million tons, the annual output of 1993 was 83,000 tons.

Preparation of cockroaches

The stibnite ore is selected by sulphide or flotation or heavy medium selection-flotation to select lump ore, rich ore and concentrate, and then smelt. The smelting method of sputum is divided into fire method and wet method.

Use of cockroaches

The antimony products are mainly fine and antimony compounds, namely antimony trioxide and antimony trisulfide. It is brittle and cannot be used alone. Adding an appropriate amount of bismuth to lead and tin can increase its hardness and strength. In 1979, the proportion of sputum used in the United States (%) was flame retardant 51, transportation vehicles (including batteries) 20, ceramics and glass 15, chemical industry 5, others 9. The average price of the world market in 1978 was 200 cents / Pounds (1 lb = 0.4536 kg).

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