·The recall of defective automotive products in the Chinese market in the first half of the year

According to the recall announcement announced by the official website of the AQSIQ, during the first half of this year, there were 69 announcements concerning car recalls, involving more than 100 models of more than 50 automobile brands. The total recall was close to 6 million, which was about the same period in 2015. Twice as much, more than the number recalled last year. The recall models range from joint ventures to autonomous models, as well as imported luxury models and brands such as Maserati, Aston Martin and Porsche. The number of recalls not only exceeded the historical record, but also a single recall of more than 2 million vehicles, setting a new record in the domestic history. In short, in the first half of 2016, domestic car recalls occurred more frequently than before, and the domestic auto market set off a wave of recalls.
 　　 I. Analysis of the characteristics of automobile product recalls in China's market in the first half of 2016
In the first half of 2016, China's market defect car product recalls unprecedented new situation and new situation, not only in the total number of recalls, the number of single recalls hit a record high, but also in the recalled car brands and models have also set a domestic record. The domestic joint ventures of the German, European, American and Japanese brands and some of their own brands are involved in the recall, covering a wide range. Specifically, the recall of automotive products in the first half of this year has the following characteristics:
1. The total recall is higher than last year.
The data shows that in the first half of this year, the official website of the AQSIQ announced a total of 69 recalls, involving more than 100 models of more than 50 automobile brands, with a total recall of 5.998 million. In 2015, a total of 226 recalls were carried out by 76 companies, involving 5,485,500 defective vehicles. This shows that the total number of defective vehicle recalls in the first half of 2016 was about twice that of the same period in 2015, even more than the number recalled last year. More, a record high recall in six months. Japanese brands implemented the most recalls in the first half of the year, and only 2 million vehicles were recalled due to Takata airbags. In the first half of the recall case, except for Volkswagen, Audi, and BMW, all of them were Japanese brands. In particular, Honda has recalled 4 cases involving more than 1.95 million vehicles in the first half of the year. In addition, the European and American brands in the first half of the year are also actively recalling to eliminate the safety hazards of their vehicles. SAIC-GM issued a single recall of more than 2 million vehicles, setting a new domestic record. Specific to the monthly recall situation, the total recall in January was nearly 90,000, the total recall in February exceeded 200,000, the total recall in March was nearly 147,000, the total recall in April exceeded 640,000, and the recall in May. The total amount exceeded 2.26 million units, and the total number of recalls in June exceeded 200,000 units.
2. Import and joint venture brands have become the absolute main force of the recall
In the first half of the year, there were luxury brands such as Maserati, Aston Martin, Porsche, Mercedes-Benz, BMW, Audi, Volvo, Jaguar Land Rover, Lexus, Infiniti, and Acura, as well as Hyundai, Volkswagen, Chrysler, Mazda, Toyota, and Subaru. Honda, GM, Mitsubishi, Ford, Peugeot, Nissan, Guangfike, Chevrolet, Citroen, Suzuki, MINI and other common brands, as well as Geely, Great Wall, Jiangling and other three independent car companies took the initiative to implement the recall. According to statistics, in the first half of 2016, in the 69 recalls announced by the General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine, Volkswagen and Toyota were the number of vehicles with the most recalls, 7 times, and the number of vehicles with the most recalls was GM. Toyota ranked third, followed by Volkswagen, ranking fourth. In the first half of 2016, GM (including SAIC-GM) issued a total of three vehicle recall announcements, recalling a total of 2.205 million vehicles, accounting for 36.8% of the total number of recalls in the first half of the year. In the three recalls, the largest number of vehicles involved, up to 2.161 million, GM has thus become the largest number of single recalls in the first half of this year. According to the vehicle data of a single recall, in the first half of this year, there were a total of three recalls of the 2015 FIA record of 413,000 vehicles, including Toyota, Honda and SAIC-GM. The number of single recalls was 433,000 and 533,000 respectively. And 2.161 million. Judging from the total amount of recalls, the top 10 car companies in the first half of this year were GM, Honda, Toyota, Volkswagen, Nissan, Ford, Chrysler, Porsche, Jaguar Land Rover and Mazda.
3. The number of single recalls creates a record of recall history
It is reported that since the implementation of the defective automobile product recall system in October 2004, as of the end of 2015, China has implemented 1,077 car recalls and recalled 25,334,500 vehicles. Among them, the largest number of single recalls in 2015 was the Sidi and Fit models of Guangqi Honda, and the number of recalls was 413,452, which was quickly updated in the first half of 2016. In the first half of this year, there were three recalls of the 410,000 records of Guangqi Honda last year. The recalled brands include Buick, Chevrolet, Honda and Toyota. Among them, the largest number of single recalls reached 2.16 million, the largest number of single recalls this year. Record. In late May, SAIC General Motors Co., Ltd. issued a recall announcement and decided to recall some vehicles equipped with third-generation 1.6L and 1.8L naturally aspirated engines from August 15, 2016, totaling 2,160,779 vehicles, including 2010~ In 2015, Buick Hideo (833,922 vehicles), Chevrolet Cruze (1,149,655 vehicles) from 2009 to 2016, Chevrolet Kingsway (158,965 vehicles) from 2010 to 2015, and Chevrolet Love Europe (18,237 vehicles) from 2012 to 2015. Reasons for the recall It is reported that the third-generation LDE model 1.6L and 1.8L naturally aspirated engine crankcase ventilation valve diaphragm is weak in corrosion resistance, which may cause corrosion, deformation, oil leakage and air leakage during long-term use. SAIC-GM has thus become the largest single recall in China this year, refreshing the domestic single recall record.
4. The “Takatian effect” of the supplier's products with quality defects is continuously fermented.
The recall of automotive products is increasing due to supplier manufacturing problems and defects in quality defects caused by supplier products. First, the airbag recall continues to ferment. The 2016 “Takada Effect” domino effect is still continuing. More than 50% of the car recalls in the first half of the year were recalled due to airbag problems, including Volkswagen, Mazda, Toyota, Audi, Honda, Acura, Mitsubishi, Lexus, BMW, Infiniti Car companies such as brands have successively recalled airbag safety hazards, and the number of newly recalled vehicles has reached more than 2 million, exceeding the 83% of the whole year of 2015. Among them, except for Volkswagen, Audi, and BMW, all of them are Japanese brands. In particular, Honda has recalled 4 cases involving more than 1.95 million vehicles in the first half of the year, indicating that the Takata "airbag door" incident is still fermenting, and the scope of affected vehicles and models is further expanded. . According to statistics, the total number of vehicles recalled due to airbag problems in 2015 was approximately 2.84 million, of which more than 2.77 million were recalled due to defects in Takada airbags. Among them, about 78% of the cars recalled by Takada airbags are Japanese brands; followed by American brands, accounting for 17%; the least proportion is German brands, accounting for about 5%. The reason why the Takada airbag was recalled is that some of the passenger seat airbags equipped with Takada airbags may be damaged when the airbag housing is broken and the casing fragments are flying out, which may damage the passengers inside the vehicle and pose a safety hazard. Secondly, the frequency of recalls due to defects in electronic equipment and control procedures has increased. In the first half of 2016, the recall due to defects in electronic equipment and control procedures increased five times compared with the same period of last year, including 15 recalls due to electronic circuit failures and 6 recalls due to procedural defects. With the current technology changing, more and more electronic configurations appear in family cars, which means that the probability of vehicle-related failures increases. Automotive circuit failure will directly affect the normal use of the function, and even lead to spontaneous combustion, so the recall is imperative. For example, the Porsche Cayenne and Volkswagen Touareg brake pedal hinges are loose, and the Fiat Filip and Dodge Coolway ABS anti-lock brake system modules are also the same.
5, self-owned brand defect car product recall has a long way to go
Compared with the vigorous recall of joint ventures and imported brand-defective auto products, the recall of self-owned brands is still extremely deserted. Over the years, the enthusiasm of independent brand recalls has been widely criticized. This problem has become more serious in 2016, and its own brand defects There is a long way to go to recall automotive products. According to authoritative data, in 2014, the self-owned brands implemented a total of 18 recalls involving 1.26 million vehicles. In 2015, the number of self-owned brands was recalled 15 times, totaling 774,000, and the number of recalls decreased significantly from the previous year. In the first half of 2016, the self-owned brands only recalled 10,409 vehicles, accounting for less than 0.2%, which was a significant drop from the previous year. However, with the continuous improvement of the domestic system and the gradual transformation of the inherent concept, in the first half of this year, three independent auto companies, including Geely, Great Wall and Jiangling, took the initiative to recall, and Geely issued two recall announcements. In January, due to the inability of the side curtain to open, Geely recalled some Emgrand EC8, a total of 1,593 vehicles. In June, Geely Automobile and Haoqing Motors recalled 521 EC7 and GC7 vehicles because of the safety hazards of the transmissions of these models. In addition, the Great Wall recalled 8,291 C20Rs due to electric power hazards. Jiangling Motors recalled 355 Jiangling Ford 2013 new generations of Transit compact buses due to the risk of oil spills.
Second, the cold thinking after the defective car product recalls the heat
1. The recall of automobile products is the result of the perfect development of the recall system.
The recall of defective automobile products in China has achieved a three-level jump from the "Regulations" and "Regulations" to the "Implementation Measures", which embodies that the recall of automobile products is a process of gradually improving the policy. The recall of automobile products is also the result of the perfect development of the recall system. . In particular, on January 1, 2016, the formal implementation of the “Implementation Measures for the Management of Defective Automobile Product Recalls” (hereinafter referred to as the “Measures”) pushed the recall of defective automobile products to a climax. Compared with the abolished Regulations on the Management of Defective Automobile Product Recalls (March 2004), the biggest bright spot is to further clarify the obligations of automakers as the subject of recall and increase the number of auto parts producers. Obligation, this is also the first time that China has included component manufacturers in the car recall system. This new change undoubtedly reflects the improvement of China's automobile recall management regulations and has positive significance for the development of the automobile industry. This new change has a major impact on auto parts companies. The "Measures" refine the responsibility of parts and components enterprises from three aspects. The "Measures" define the concepts of defects and recalls, and stipulate the division of responsibilities between the AQSIQ and local quality inspection departments and technical institutions, emphasizing the recall obligations of automobile producers and related operators, and from information management, The three aspects of defect investigation and legal responsibility refine the responsibilities of component companies. First, from the aspect of information management, the "Measures" require auto producers to keep information on the design, manufacture and inspection of manufacturers and parts of auto parts involved in safety; parts producers should report to the General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine. Automotive products may have information about defects and notify producers. Second, in the process of defect investigation, the "Measures" clarify the obligations that the parts producers should perform. The AQSIQ and the entrusted provincial quality inspection department may conduct defect investigations into the parts and producers' premises for on-site investigation; the parts and components manufacturers related to automobile product defects shall cooperate with the defect investigation to provide relevant information for investigation. Third, in terms of legal liability, the "Measures" stipulate that if the producers of parts and components fail to cooperate with the defect investigation in violation of the provisions of the Measures, they shall be ordered to make corrections within a time limit; if they fail to make corrections within the time limit, they shall be fined not less than 10,000 yuan but not more than 30,000 yuan. In addition, the "Measures" mentioned that the recall and supervision of tires that are not equipped with the vehicle at the time of leaving the factory are separately prescribed by the General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine. It is understood that although there is no recall implementation rule for replacing tires, this does not mean that the replacement tires will be defective and will not be recalled. Relevant persons said that the replacement tire recall method will not be much different from the automobile. It is also conducted by the AQSIQ Defective Product Management Center to conduct investigations based on the collection of defective product information, organize expert demonstrations and implement recalls. For the first time, the "Measures" will include parts manufacturing enterprises into the recall system. While improving China's automobile recall system, it can supervise the whole vehicle and parts enterprises to improve quality and improve the quality of automobile products.
2. The vehicle defect recall system needs to be further improved.
Compared with countries with developed automobile industry, the recall reliability system of China's auto industry is still far less mature than foreign countries, and there is still much room for improvement in the auto recall system. The recall regulations should be raised to the level of the legislation of the National People's Congress. At the same time, the corresponding supporting regulations and documents and sound regulations should be introduced to make the automobile manufacturers participate and increase the responsibility of the manufacturers. In order to play an effective role, the automobile recall system must also be matched with the laws and regulations of the "Three Guarantees System for Automobiles" and the "Consumer Protection Law" to exert the synergy of various systems. At the same time, the government should strengthen supervision and establish a platform for information sharing. Consumers should respond positively, maintain consumers' rights and interests through multiple channels, and promote the continuous maturity and improvement of the automobile market. In addition, in the practice of the “Implementation Measures for the Management of Defective Automobile Product Recalls”, it is still difficult to determine the responsibility of the problem. In particular, the responsibility between the OEM and the parts and components enterprises is difficult to determine. In practice, it is difficult to ensure the fairness of the judgment and the implementation of the regulations. It's a harder problem. First of all, who is the problem is difficult to define. Most of the components are not directly facing the consumers, but are provided to the OEMs. The OEMs are responsible for the integration, and the automobile defects may be the design problems of a single component, the problems of a certain batch, and also It may be a problem in the calibration and integration process of the OEM; and the upstream and downstream suppliers of parts and components may also cause component defects. Therefore, the problem lies in the question of who is not good judgment, the subject of responsibility is not well defined, and it is difficult to operate in the process of recall implementation. Secondly, who will judge the responsibility, whether the judge has professional qualifications, and whether the responsibility is fair in special circumstances is also a concern of the component companies. When a car is recalled, it is a problem for a component company or a vehicle company. Who will judge it? How to assign responsibility after a problem arises. These two core issues, the "Measures", are not clearly resolved. These problems still need to be further improved and improved at the institutional level.
3. Independent brands must be brave enough to take responsibility for recalls
Compared with other multinational car companies, independent car companies have never dared to let go of recalling products. This is a manifestation of lack of confidence in the quality of their products, and also a disregard for the interests of consumers. In addition, the increase in car recalls is not equal to the decline in quality problems. Proactive recall is not a disgraceful thing for car companies. On the contrary, the voluntary recall is an indication of its confidence in product quality, and in advance The problem of interference can also increase the safety of the car to a certain extent. Since the design of automobile products is not perfect at the beginning, users find problems, enterprises continue to improve, and the safety performance of automobile products is further improved, which will greatly reduce the probability of traffic accidents in the society and improve safety. Therefore, car recall does not mean that the quality of the product is not enough. A car has more than 10,000 parts and components. The design angle cannot be completely perfect. It is likely that there will be some design deficiencies. In addition, there may be negligence in the design, production, assembly and transportation of parts and vehicles. The design is not well thought out, the matching is not ideal, the durability is not enough, and the objectivity of the defects of the automobile products determines the necessity of the defective automobile product recall system. It also determines that any automobile producer will inevitably be because of certain A defect is implemented and a recall is implemented. Therefore, it is very one-sided to say that a defective automobile product is not a good product, and a company that implements a recall is not a good enterprise. Therefore, the recall does not mean “inferior product quality”, but an embodiment of the company’s responsibility to the consumer and the society. At present, the independent brand needs more courage and responsibility to take responsibility.

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