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I. Overall Development Trend of Fine Chemicals in the World In view of the development of chemical industry in the world over the past 20 years, various countries, especially the developed countries in the chemical industry such as the United States, Europe, and Japan, and their well-known multinational chemical companies have all attached great importance to the development of fine chemicals and refined the Work To effectively adjust the structure of the chemical industry, increase the added value of products, and enhance international competitiveness, the world's fine chemicals are rapidly developing and the degree of industrial concentration is further enhanced. Into the 21st century, the world's fine chemical development is characterized by: industrial clustering, process cleanliness, energy saving, product diversification, specialization, and high performance.
1. Rapid growth in sales revenue of fine chemicals and continuous improvement in refinement rate Since the 1990s, the development of the highly advanced petrochemical industry in the world and the booming of high and new technology have resulted in the unprecedented rapid development of the world's fine chemical industry. The speed is significantly higher than that of the entire chemical industry. In recent years, the total annual sales of chemical products in the world is about 1.5 trillion US dollars, of which about 380 billion US dollars of fine chemicals and specialty chemicals, with an average annual growth rate of 5 to 6%, higher than the chemical industry 2 to 3 Percentage. It is estimated that by 2010, the global fine chemicals market will continue to grow at an average annual rate of 6%. In 2008, the world fine chemicals market will reach 450 billion U.S. dollars. At present, there are more than 100,000 kinds of fine chemicals in the world. The refinement rate is an important indicator of the technical level of a chemical industry in a country or region. The developed countries in the chemical industry, such as the United States, Western Europe and Japan, are also the most advanced in fine chemicals and represent the development level of fine chemicals in the world today. At present, the refined rate in these countries has reached 60-70%. In recent years, US annual sales of fine chemicals are about US$125 billion, ranking first in the world, Europe is about US$100 billion, and Japan is about US$60 billion, ranking third. The three together account for more than 75% of the world's total sales.
2. Strengthen technological innovation, adjust and optimize the structure of fine chemical products Strengthen technological innovation, adjust and optimize the structure of fine chemical products, and focus on the development of high-performance, specialized, and green products. It has become an important feature of the development of the fine chemical industry in the world. The future development direction of the fine chemical industry in the world.
In the case of Japan, where fine chemicals are developed, technological innovation plays a crucial role in the development of fine chemicals. In the past 10 years, the market for synthetic dyes and traditional fine chemicals in Japan has been halved. Instead, a large number of high-end fine chemicals, such as functional and green, have been developed, which has greatly increased the industrial energy level and economic efficiency of fine chemicals. For example, focusing on the development of functional fine chemicals used in electronics fields such as semiconductors and flat panel displays, Japan has established a dominant position in high-end products such as information recording and display materials. In terms of catalysts, Japan is actively developing new environmentally-friendly catalysts to meet the needs of environmentally friendly fuels such as sulfur-free gasoline as environmental regulations become increasingly stringent. At present, high-performance catalysts such as ultra-deep desulfurization catalysts have occupied a very high share in the Japanese catalyst industry, and the desulfurization capacity has increased from less than 50 μg/g to less than 10 μg/g, which has also promoted the overall development of the catalyst industry. In 2004, Japan's production of refinery catalysts for deep desulfurization and other hydrogenation processes increased by nearly 60% over the same period of last year, and sales increased by 43%. At the same time, the sales of catalysts for the purification of petrochemicals and automotive exhaust gas also grew at a double-digit rate, accounting for half of the catalyst market. Japan’s catalyst production and sales increased by 7% and 5% respectively last year, breaking the record of the past six years.
3. Mergers, mergers and reorganizations to enhance core competitiveness Many well-known companies, through mergers, acquisitions, or restructurings, adjust their operating structures, withdraw from uncompetitive industries, develop their expertise and strengths, and increase investment in competitive industries. To develop advantageous fine chemicals in order to consolidate and expand market share and increase economic efficiency and international competitiveness. For example, in July 2005, Crompton, a world-renowned rubber additives manufacturer, spent $2 billion to acquire Dahu Chemical and established Chemturags as its successor. The third-largest fine chemical company in the US and the world's largest producer of plastic additives after MÃ¥s and Anger. The new company's products include plastic additives, petrochemical additives, flame retardants, organic metals, polyurethanes, swimming pool and spa maintenance products, and agricultural chemicals. It has a leading position in the market for high-value products, and its annual sales of fine chemicals can be It reached 3.7 billion U.S. dollars.
In another example, Degussa and Celanese of the United States each contributed 50% of their combined oxo products and established a production base for propylene-oxo products in Europe. After the merger, the annual production of oxo alcohol will reach 800,000 tons—one third of the European market share. At the same time, Degussa sold its food additive business to Cargill for $670 million. As a result, Cargill has become a leader in the food additive industry and can provide a wide range of specialty additives to food and beverage companies worldwide. For another example, Royal DSM, headquartered in Heerlen, The Netherlands, purchased Roche's global vitamins, carotene and fine chemicals business at a price of 1.95 billion euros in February 2003 and became the world's king of vitamins. In 2004, global sales reached 8 billion euros (about 10 billion US dollars).
Second, the development status and trends of China's fine chemical industry In the past more than a decade, China has attached great importance to the development of fine chemicals, fine chemical industry, especially new areas of fine chemical industry as one of the strategic focus of chemical industry development and an important part of new materials. , Including a number of national plans, with key support from policy and funding. At present, fine chemical industry has become an important independent branch and a new economic growth point in China's chemical industry.
The “Eleventh Five-Year Plan for Development of Chemical Industry Science and Technology in the 11th Five-Year Plan†issued by China recently listed fine chemicals as one of the six major areas for priority development during the “11th Five-Year Plan†period, and will include functional coatings, water-based coatings, and new dyes. Industrialization Technology, Key Chemical Intermediate Green Synthesis Technologies and New Varieties, Electronic Chemicals, High Performance Water Treatment Chemicals, Paper Chemicals, Oilfield Chemicals, Functional Food Additives, High Performance Environmentally Friendly Flame Retardants, Surfactants , High-performance rubber and plastic additives are listed as "Eleventh Five-Year" focus of fine chemical technology development and industrialization. It can be predicted that with the vigorous development of China's petrochemical industry and the development of the chemical industry from extensive to refined, as well as the wide application of high-tech, China's fine chemical independent innovation capability and industrial technology energy level will be significantly improved, becoming the world's fine chemistry. Production and consumption of large countries.
1. Fine chemical industry has made great progress and some products have taken a leading position in the world. The rapid development of China's fine chemical industry not only basically meets the needs of the national economic development, but also some fine chemical products have certain international competitiveness and become important in the world. Fine chemical raw materials and intermediates are processed and exported, and fine chemical products have been widely used in various fields of the national economy and people's daily lives. Statistics show that at present, there are 25 categories of fine chemical products in China with more than 30,000 varieties, 10 precision chemical technology development centers have been established, the production capacity of fine chemicals is approximately 13.5 million tons/year, and the total annual production volume is approximately 9.7 million tons. The annual output value exceeds 100 billion yuan. In 2004, the fine chemical industry in China has risen to 45%.
In recent years, China's dye production has leapt to the top in the world. In 2004, the dye production reached 598,300 tons, accounting for about 60% of the world's dye production. At present, there are more than 1,200 varieties that can be produced, including about 700 varieties that are produced year-round. China is not only the world's largest dye producing country, but also the world's largest dye exporter. It ranks first in the world in dye export volume and accounts for about 25% of the world's dye trade volume. It has become the center of dye production and trade in the world, and the world's dyestuffs. The market holds a prominent position. In 2004, the export volume reached 226,600 tons. The paint output reached 2.98 million tons in 2004, a net increase of 1.04 million tons from 2000, becoming the second largest paint producer in the world. The output of pesticides ranks second in the world. The annual export volume of citric acid is close to 400,000 tons, accounting for about one-third of the total global consumption; the export volume of vitamin C has exceeded 50,000 tons, accounting for more than 50% of the total global consumption.
2. Building fine chemical parks and promoting industrial agglomeration In recent years, many provinces and cities have taken the construction of fine chemical industrial parks as an important measure to adjust the layout of local chemical industries, enhance industries, develop new material industries, and promote agglomeration. According to reports, at least 15 fine chemical parks have been built and under construction in the country.
For example, Zhejiang Shangyu Fine Chemical Park has a total planned area of ​​20 square kilometers. Since it was officially launched in January 1999, it has introduced more than 80 projects from 10 countries, regions and 10 provinces and cities, with a total capital of more than 2.5 billion yuan. As of September 2004, more than 140 fine chemical companies have settled, of which 53 are large-scale enterprises with an annual sales income of more than 5 million, and have formed dyes (pigments), biopharmaceuticals, intermediates and special chemicals as the main Fine chemicals industry. In 2003, Shangyu's fine chemical industry realized sales revenue of 11.95 billion yuan, profit tax of 2.26 billion yuan, and foreign exchange earned 175 million yuan. The base put forward the goal of nurturing 20 high-tech enterprises after 6 years and achieving a revenue of 30 billion yuan in technology, industry and trade. The park has been identified by the Ministry of Science and Technology as a special industrial base for fine chemicals in the National Torch Plan.
Another example is China Fine Chemical (Changzhou) Development Park, which has formed a fine chemical industry and has access to chemical production and storage bases in various fields in the upstream and downstream areas. By September 2003, a total of nearly 20 billion yuan had been invested, and 72 chemical companies had settled in the company, among which were Ashland Chemicals, Japan’s Bridgestone Tire Company, and South Korea’s Hyundai Motor Company.
3. Accelerating investment in China by multinational corporations, strongly promoting the development of fine chemicals Since the beginning of the 21st century, with the rapid development of economic globalization, and the steady and rapid development of China's national economy, the strong market demand for fine chemicals and specialty chemicals will attract Many world famous multinational companies have come to China to invest in the fine chemical industry. The investment areas include fine chemical raw materials and intermediates, catalysts, oil additives, plastics and rubber additives, textile/leather chemicals, electronic chemicals, paints and adhesives. Foaming agents and refrigerant substitutes, food and feed additives, and pharmaceuticals, etc., thus effectively promoting the development of China's fine chemical industry.
For example, the world-famous manufacturer of fine chemicals and Germany's 3rd largest chemical company, Degussa, are optimistic about China's specialty chemicals market. Since 1998, Degussa has been located in Nanjing, Guangzhou, Shanghai, Qingdao, and Tianjin. In Beijing and other 11 regions, there are 18 production plants. In 2004, it achieved a turnover of 300 million euros. In order to expand the Chinese market and become a leader in China's specialty chemical industry, Degussa set up an R&D center in Shanghai last year to develop special products for the Chinese and even Asian markets.
Another example is that the world's top 10 paint companies have all entered China. So far, there are about 16 wholly-owned and joint-venture architectural paint factories, and the production scale is between 2 and 50,000 tons/year.
In the past two years, Nippon Paint invested 4.1 billion yen to enlarge the production capacity of Langfang and Suzhou companies by 160,000 tons, Shanghai by 140,000 tons, and Guangzhou by 70,000 tons. All projects were completed and put into operation in 2005. Will account for 19% of China's market share. The ICI company, which is known for its production of lead-free and mercury-containing toxic and harmful components, claims to be the first to surpass Nippon in the Chinese market competition. ICI and Nippon’s product sales now account for 30% of the Chinese market.
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Fine chemicals is one of the most dynamic emerging areas in the chemical industry today and an important part of new materials. With a large variety of chemical products, high added value, wide use, and high degree of industrial correlation, it directly serves the industries of the national economy and various fields of high-tech industries. Vigorously developing fine chemicals has become a strategic focus for countries in the world to adjust the structure of the chemical industry, enhance the energy industry level of the chemical industry, and expand economic efficiency. The level of fine chemical industry (the ratio of fine chemical products to total chemical output value) has become an important indicator of the degree of development of a chemical industry and the level of chemical technology in a country or region.