Breaking the bottleneck of product innovation in SMEs

On the one hand, large-scale scientific research instruments that are expensive are idle in the laboratories. On the other hand, small and medium-sized enterprises cannot afford to innovate scientific research instruments. The sharing of scientific research instruments is to resolve this contradiction and break the technological bottlenecks of SMEs' product innovation. Through a small amount of funds to encourage the sharing of external services of equipment and equipment, increase the use of equipment and equipment, to avoid the phenomenon of idle waste, not only livelihood assets, but also obtained a certain amount of revenue. The operating subsidies effectively mobilized the enthusiasm of the instrument-owned units, crews, and analytical and test technicians, greatly increased the utilization rate of the instrument, completed a number of important scientific research tasks, and the unit achieved considerable economic income through cooperative sharing. The social and economic benefits are obvious.

At present, there are still many problems in China's instrument collaboration:

2. The allocation and use of resources are scattered, and a limited amount of scientific and technological investment is wasted. According to data provided by the Ministry of Science and Technology, China’s R&D expenditure for science and technology is only 4.7% of the United States, 8.9% of Japan, and 27% of Germany. China's scientific and technological resources are scattered among numerous scientific research institutions, universities and enterprises. Due to the lack of effective resource input management and coordination mechanisms among departments and units, on the one hand, various departments compete for resources and projects, and a large number of repeated purchases are made. Instruments and equipment have caused serious waste of resources and dispersal of funds. On the other hand, due to fragmentation and duplication, funds are often insufficient to purchase complete supporting accessories. The quality of equipment and equipment is generally unfavorable. Not only the overall level is low, but also there is a lack of true equipment with top-level technical content, coupled with lack of maintenance costs. Many instruments and equipment are in an inefficient state.

3. The lack of specific regulations and operational mechanisms to promote the sharing of scientific and technological resources. In the management of science and technology resources in China, there are no laws and regulations for the sharing of science and technology resources, so that scientific research units generally lack the enthusiasm for sharing resources; there is no operational sharing operating mechanism, resulting in the sharing of scientific and technological resources without rules. In addition, the traditional awareness of small farmers also constrains the sharing of technological resources.

4. The information channels for sharing scientific and technological resources are not smooth. Due to the incomplete information network of scientific and technological resources, the shared information channels are blocked. On the one hand, many units and scientific researchers do not know who wants to share their own resources and cannot provide shared services. On the other hand, many units and researchers do not know where to share the resources they need.

5. The scientific and technological team lacks an effective cohesion mechanism. Due to the lack of an effective cohesion mechanism and strict management measures, the brain drain in China is very serious. The integration of scientific research teams in universities is not optimistic, and the cooperation and exchanges between schools and schools, between various departments within universities, between laboratories, and among researchers are not enough, and there is no great talent advantage.

Several aspects that need to be emphasized in the development of instrument collaboration have been supported by the special construction of the central financial platform. Through the joint cooperation of the Ministry of Science and Technology and the Ministry of Finance, a number of important platforms for sharing scientific and technological resources have been built, initially forming inter-departmental, inter-regional, and multi- The level of resource integration and sharing system provides a large amount of valuable basic data support and basic conditional resource support for scientific research and technological innovation activities as well as national major project construction. At the same time, in accordance with the overall deployment of “layered construction and hierarchical management” of platform construction, various departments and localities have carried out their own distinctive platform construction work, which has provided strong foundation support for industry scientific and technological progress and regional innovation. However, as the country's investment in science and technology increases, the use of science and technology resources is still low and the phenomenon of repeated waste is still evident.

1. Do a good job of building a basic platform for science and technology.

Integrate various scientific and technological resources scattered in government, scientific research institutions, teaching institutions, and enterprises, and promote the "cooperation, sharing, and service" protection system. Change the status of the relatively slow and inefficient technological infrastructure platform and focus on solving the following problems: First, optimize the allocation and integration of scientific and technological resources, and increase the transformation from quantity to quality and efficiency; second, integrate the construction of technology and basic conditions platform into society. Economic development.

2. Establish an operating mechanism and improve relevant laws and regulations.

Relevant management departments should strengthen coordination and jointly formulate practical and feasible sharing inputs, operating rules, and service implementation standards. According to the actual situation, under the unified national deployment, local economic advantages should be brought into full play and a regional shared network should be established, which will be further promoted and popularized from the regional level to the national level. Formulate and improve laws and regulations, protect the rights and interests of all parties involved in sharing in the most authoritative form, grant the legal identity of the science and technology resource sharing mechanism, define the ownership of national science and technology resources, and clearly rely on the responsibilities, rights, and benefits of the organization to promote the country’s Resources sharing among local, scientific research institutions, universities and enterprises.

3. Change ideas and build information exchange channels.

Changing the circumstances of a closed research environment and one-sided pursuit of large-scale, comprehensive, and small-scale thinking led to the repeated acquisition and decentralization of technological resources, completely eliminating and abandoning the practice of using the resources as the main means of economic benefits, making the entire society Recognizing the necessity and significance of resource sharing, people consciously establish a concept of mutual construction and sharing and mutual profitability. The smooth flow of information channels for sharing scientific and technological resources, in particular to harness the advantages of the network, enables researchers to quickly and easily find the resources they need, and clearly understand the needs of technology resources.

4, the implementation of large-scale equipment and equipment sharing.

Break down the block segmentation, information blocking and monopoly, create a new co-construction and sharing mechanism, open up large-scale scientific instrument resources to the society, improve the utilization rate of instruments and facilities, and provide scientific research and technological development for institutions of higher learning, scientific research institutions and enterprises. The cultivation of innovative talents provides a good environment and conditions. Continue to inject special funds to effectively link large-scale precision instrument collaboration networks established throughout the country to form a nationwide large instrument collaboration service network and large-scale instrument data information base, and gradually expand the types and quantities of shared instruments. In the scope of sharing, large-scale scientific instruments and facilities constructed using financial funds, except for special purposes, should be made compulsory to the public; instruments and facilities purchased by scientific experimental bases and subject construction facilities must first be open to the public, and key laboratories should be opened to the public. The social sharing of instruments and facilities of post-doctorate mobile stations and engineering centers should serve as an indicator for the assessment of the base and discipline construction.

5. Implement the sharing of scientific data and other information resources.

In the information era, scientific data is a value-added resource. The sharing of scientific data is the entry point for strengthening scientific research cooperation and cooperation, and it is a breakthrough for promoting the effective integration and utilization of national resources, and is an inevitable choice for the effective utilization of scientific and technological resources. In the sharing of scientific data, we must pay attention to two issues: First, we must oppose narrow one-way data sharing, that is, we must only share scientific data that other departments and scientific researchers have mastered, but we do not want to provide scientific data that we have Others use the practice; Second, to ensure the authenticity and accuracy of the data, strictly responsible for the scientific data provided. Under the premise of ensuring national security and not leaking information, all information and data generated by scientific and technological activities should be open to the entire society in accordance with certain rules and regulations.

6, human resources sharing.

Give full play to the potential of human resources, implement effective integration of human resources, and promote team building. To achieve "parts of the bureau, overall integration", members of the mutual cooperation, complement each other in resources and technology, to maximize the collective wisdom of the great potential to maximize the avoidance of invalid duplication of work. Maintain and make good use of existing research personnel resources, pay attention to the introduction of foreign talents and ensure the vitality of the team.

Effectively integrate large scientific instruments and equipment resources, provide material guarantees for scientific and technological innovation, and instrument collaboration to better serve the technological innovation of the whole society, especially small and medium-sized enterprises, and provide large-scale scientific research and new product and new technology development to improve the quality of products. Scientific instrument conditions and corresponding detection technologies effectively reduce R&D costs and R&D investment, reduce the threshold for entrepreneurial ventures, and enhance the company's technological innovation capabilities.

1. The repeated construction of scientific and technological resources has a low utilization rate. The number of scientific instruments and equipment in our country has surpassed that of Britain and other Western countries, but the utilization rate of many instruments and equipment is less than 25% or even lower, while the utilization rate of instruments and equipment in developed countries is as high as 170-200%. For example, there are only 16 sets of Modis satellite receiving systems in the United States, and most European countries such as the United Kingdom, France, and Germany have one set. They all meet the demand through sharing, and China has purchased 17 sets, and there are only 8 sets in the Beijing area alone. There are 80 sets of purchase plans waiting to be implemented, and the phenomenon of repeated construction is very serious.